工藝 流體 儀表 設(shè)備 電氣 消防方面的 常用術(shù)語(yǔ)詞匯

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5.8 相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯

5.8.1 工藝

(1) 圖及表

流程圖 flow diagram
工藝流程圖 process flow diagram (PFD)
管道及儀表流程圖 piping and
instrument flow diagram (PID)
公用工程流程圖 utility flow diagram (UFD)
管線(xiàn)表 line list; line schedule
命名表；管道表 nomenclature
設(shè)備表 equipment list (schedule)

(2) 流體 fluid

空氣 air
儀表空氣 instrument air
工藝空氣 process air
低壓蒸汽 low pressure steam
中壓蒸汽 medium pressure steam
高壓蒸汽 high pressure steam
伴熱蒸汽 tracing steam
飽和蒸汽 saturated steam
過(guò)熱蒸汽 superheated steam
氧氣 oxygen
氫氣 hydrogen
氮?dú)?nitrogen
燃料氣 fuel gas
天然氣 natural gas
火炬氣 flare gas
酸性氣 sour gas
液化石油氣 liquefired petroleum gas (LPG)
氨氣 ammonia gas
冷卻水 cooling
循環(huán)水 circulating water
鍋爐給水 boiler feed water
熱水 hot water
蒸汽冷凝水 steam condensate
鹽水 brine
工藝水 process water
化學(xué)污水 chemical sewage
防腐劑 corrosion inhibitor
重油 heavy oil
石腦油 naphtha
燃料油 fuel oil
潤(rùn)滑油 lubricating oil
密封油 sealing oil
冷凍劑 refrigerant
載熱體 heating medium
溶劑 solvent
溶液 solution
母液 mother liquor
單體 monomer
聚合物 polymer
均聚物 homopolymer
共聚物 copolymer
工藝液體 process liquid
工藝氣體 process gas
硫酸 sulphuric acid
鹽酸 chlorhydric acid
硝酸 nitric acid
燒堿 caustic soda
(3) 流體特性 fluid characteristics
蒸汽壓 vapor pressure
臨界溫度 critical temperature
臨界點(diǎn) critical point
臨界壓力 critical pressure
比熱 specific heat
濕度 humidity
密度 density
比重 specific gravity
粘度 viscosity
閃點(diǎn) flash point
融點(diǎn) melting point
凝固點(diǎn) freezing point
濃度 concentration
爆炸極限 limit of explosion
有毒的 toxic
可燃的；易燃的 flammable
(4) 其它
回收 recovery
再生 regeneration
循環(huán) cireulatlon
再循環(huán)；再生 recycle
補(bǔ)充 make-up
制備 preparation
蒸汽吹掃 steaming out
吹掃 purge
抽空；排空 evacuation
吹出 blow-off
排污 blow down
破真空 vacuum breaker
大氣腿 barometric leg
備用 stand-by
化學(xué)清洗 chemical cleaning
凈正吸入壓頭 net positive suction head (NPSH)
進(jìn)料 feed
成品 product
污染 contamination
大氣污染 atmospheric pollution
環(huán)境溫度 ambient temperature
5.8.2 建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)

建筑物building
鋼結(jié)構(gòu)steel structure
已有鋼結(jié)構(gòu)existing steel structure
鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)reinforced concrete construction
樓面 floor
平臺(tái) platform (PF)
地面 ground level
欄桿 handrail
樓梯 stair; stair way
直梯 ladder
柱 column; post; stanchion
基礎(chǔ) foundation; footing
粱 beam
斜撐；支撐bracing
桁架；主粱girder
構(gòu)件 member
隔墻 partition wall
墻 wall
篦子板grate; grating
吊裝孔erection opening
吊梁 hoisting beam
棚 shelter
窗 window
天窗 skylight
門(mén) door
防火門(mén)fire door
地漏 floor drain
防火層fire-proofing
總圖 general plot plan
路肩 shoulder
樁 pile
灌漿 grouting
風(fēng)荷載wind load
雪荷載snow load
動(dòng)力荷載dynamic load
靜荷載dead load
活荷載live load
風(fēng)速 wind velocity
主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向most frequent wind direction

5.8.3 儀表

盤(pán)（操作盤(pán)）panel
就地盤(pán)local panel
儀表盤(pán)instrument panel
常開(kāi) normally open
常閉 normally closed
電纜槽（架）cable tray (channel); cable rack
儀表電纜槽（架）instrument cable tray (duct)
壓力計(jì)manometer; pressure gauge
熱電偶thermocouple
溫度計(jì)thermometer
液位計(jì)level gauge
玻璃液位計(jì)gage glass
溫度計(jì)保護(hù)管thermowell
流量計(jì)flow meter
孔板 orifice
變送器transmitter
聯(lián)鎖 interlock
儀器；設(shè)備apparatus
儀器分析instrumental analysis
自動(dòng)分析automatic analysis
氣體分析gas analysis
化學(xué)分析chemical analysis
氣相色譜儀gas chromatograph
液相色譜儀liquid chromatograph
質(zhì)譜分析mass spectrometric analysis

5.8.4 電氣

危險(xiǎn)區(qū)劃分hazardous area classification
危險(xiǎn)區(qū)平面圖hazardous area plan
電氣盤(pán)electrical panel
配電盤(pán)switch board
電纜溝cable trench
電流 current
直流 direct current
交流 alternating current
頻率 frequency
相位 phase
功率因數(shù)power factor
電壓 voltage
電阻 resistance
電容 capacitance
靜電 static electricity
接地 grounding; easthing
照明 lighting; illumination
避雷針lightning preventer
電話(huà) telephone
電線(xiàn) wire
接線(xiàn)箱（盒）junction box
導(dǎo)線(xiàn)管conduit tube

5.8.5 設(shè)備

固定鞍座fixed saddle
滑動(dòng)鞍座sliding saddle
管口 nozzle
人孔 manhole (MH)
手孔 handhole (HH)
檢查孔inspection hole
吊柱 davit
切線(xiàn) tangent line
焊接線(xiàn)weldingiine
件號(hào) part humbet
橢圓形封頭ellipsoidal head
加強(qiáng)圈reinforcing ring
接地板e(cuò)arth lug
吊耳 lifting lug
氣缸 cylinder
軸 shaft
軸承 bearing
附件，附屬設(shè)備accessory
編位號(hào)設(shè)備itemized equipment
無(wú)位號(hào)設(shè)備non-itemized equipment

5.8.6 水道

(1) 流體

原水 raw water
硬水 hard water
軟水 soft water
飲用水potable water
循環(huán)冷卻水給水cooling water supply
循環(huán)冷卻水回水cooling water return
脫鹽水demineralized water
苦咸水（堿性水）brackish water
生活污水sanitary sewer
工業(yè)廢水industrial waste water
雨水 rain water
污染雨水contaminated rain water
消防水fire water

(2) 裝置、設(shè)施

軟化裝置softener
沉淀器settler
沉淀池clarifier
脫鹽裝置demineralizer
水處理water traatment
冷卻塔cooling tower
中和池neutralization tank
化糞池septic tank
滲濾井soak-away pit
井 well
閥井 valve pit
清掃口clean out

（3）消防

消火栓hydrant
水炮 water monitor
灑水器sprinkler
水噴淋watering
滅火器fire extinguisher
消防水泵fire pump
消防車(chē)fire fighting truck
泡沫消防foam fire-fighting
泡沫栓foam hydrant
泡沫炮foam monitor
消防軟管接頭fire hose connection