英文摘要(100~150 words)須與中文摘要相對(duì)應(yīng),摘要應(yīng)回答好以下4方面問(wèn)題:1) What you want to do(直接寫(xiě)出研究目的,可缺省);2) Howyou did it(詳細(xì)陳述過(guò)程和方法);3)What results did you get and whatconclusions can you draw(全面羅列結(jié)果和結(jié)論);4) What is original in yourpaper(通過(guò)2)和3)兩方面內(nèi)容展示文中創(chuàng)新之處)。 1) 首句不得簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)題名中已有的信息; 2) 用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)敘述作者工作,用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)敘述作者結(jié)論; 3) 文摘中的縮寫(xiě)名稱在第一次出現(xiàn)時(shí)要有全稱; 4) 文摘中盡量少用特殊字符; 5) 用重要的事實(shí)開(kāi)頭,盡可能避免用輔助從句開(kāi)頭,例如: 用Power consumption of telephone suitchingsystems was determined from data obtained experimentally. 6) 避免使用動(dòng)詞的名詞形式。例如: 正:“Thickness of plastic sheet wasmeasured”;誤:“measurement of thickness of plastic sheetwas made” 7) 正確地使用冠詞,既應(yīng)避免多加冠詞,也應(yīng)避免蹩腳地省略冠詞。例如: 正:“Pressure is a function of thetemperature”;誤:“The pressure is a function of thetemperature”; 8) 避免使用長(zhǎng)的、連串的形容詞、名詞、或形容詞加名詞,來(lái)修飾名詞。可使用介詞短語(yǔ),或用連字符連接名詞詞組中的名詞,形成修飾單元。 9) 盡量用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),如:Aexceeds B比B is exceeded by A好。 10) 構(gòu)成句子時(shí),動(dòng)詞應(yīng)靠近主語(yǔ)。 “When the pigment was dissolved indioxane, decolorization was irreversible, after 10 hr of UV irradiation.” 11) 能用名詞做定語(yǔ)不要用動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ),例如: 用measurement accuracy,不用measuring accuracy 12) 可直接用名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)的情況下,要少用of句型,例如: 用measurement accur不用accuracy of measurement 13) 可用動(dòng)詞的情況盡量避免用動(dòng)詞的名詞形式,例如: 用Thickness of plastic sheet was measured.;不用Measurement of thickness of plastic sheet was made.
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