本帖最后由 牛先生 于 2012-9-12 09:33 編輯
FOREWORD
前 言
This standard provodes minimum requirements for the design and construction of installations for the storage and handling of liquiefied petroleum gas (LPG) at marine and pipeline terminals, natural gas processing plants, refineries, petrochemical plants, and tank farms.This standard takes into consideration the specialized training and experience of operating personnel in the type of installation discussed. In certain instances, exception to standard practices are noted and alternative methods are described.
本標準對海上終端和管道末站、天然氣處理裝置、煉油廠、石油化工裝置和油罐區(qū)的LPG儲存處理裝置的設(shè)計和建造提出了最低的要求。這一標準規(guī)定了從事這類裝置的操作人員要進行專門的培訓并富有這方面的經(jīng)驗。在某些情況下，注明了幾種例外的標準作法作并對幾種可供選擇的方法進行了敘述。
This standard does not include informatiom on the production or use of liquefied pertroleum gas.
這一標準不包括生產(chǎn)或使用液化石油氣的有關(guān)信息。
It is not intended that this standard be retroactive or that it take precedence over contractual agreements. Wherever practicable, existing codes and manuals have been used in the preparatuin of this standard.
本標準具有追溯效力或優(yōu)先于合同并非都是有意的。在可適用的任何地方，在編制本標準的過程中，可以使用現(xiàn)有的規(guī)范和操作手冊。
This standard requires the purchaser to specify certain details and features. Although it is recognized that the purchaser may desire to modify, delete, or amplify sections of the standard, it is strongly recommended that such modifications,deletions, and amplifications be made by supplementing this standard rather than by rewritting or incorporating sections of this standard into another complete standard.
本標準要求買方確定具體的細節(jié)和特性。雖然考慮到買方可能希望修改、刪除或充實標準的有關(guān)章節(jié)，但有人建議，補充這一標準而不是重寫或?qū)⑦@一標準的有關(guān)章節(jié)插入另一個完整標準可以作相應的修改、刪除和充實。
API standards are published as an aid to procurement of standardized equipment and materials. These standards are not intended to inhibit purchasers or producers from purchasing or producing products made to specifications other than those of API.
美國石油學會(API)出版各種標準,目的是幫助購買標準化的設(shè)備和材料。這些標準無意禁止買方或廠商購買或生產(chǎn)符合其它規(guī)范的產(chǎn)品。
API publictions may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort
has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliablity of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publicatin and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict.
API規(guī)范可供愿意執(zhí)行本規(guī)范的任何人使用。本學會已作了極大的努力保證規(guī)范中所用數(shù)據(jù)的準確性和可靠性。但是，API不作與其任何規(guī)范出版的有關(guān)代理，保證或擔保，并特此明確表示，對因使用這些規(guī)范而造成的損失或損害，對可能違反聯(lián)邦的、州的或市的規(guī)定（API規(guī)范可能與之相抵觸），本學會拒絕承擔任何義務(wù)和責任。
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the standardization manager, American Petroleum Institute, 1220L Street,N.W.Washington,D.C.20005.
歡迎對修改的版本提出意見并請?zhí)峤唤o美國石油學會的標準化經(jīng)理，通令地址：華盛頓特區(qū)20005，N.W.街1220L。
CONTENTS
目錄
Page頁數(shù)
1 SCOPE
1 范圍 ……………………………………………………………………… 11
1.6 Retroactivity
1.6 追溯效力性 ………………………………………………………… 12
1.7 Characteristics of LPG
1.7 LPG的特性 ………………………………………………………… 12
1.8 Safety
1.8 安全性…………………………............................................................12
2 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS
2 參考的出版物 ………………………………………………....................12
3 TERMS AND DEFINITION
3 術(shù)語和定義……………………………………………………………... 16
4 DESIGN OF LPG VESSELS
4 LPG容器的設(shè)計…………………….........................................................18
4.1 Applicble Design Construction Code
4.1 適用的設(shè)計建造標準………………………………...............................18
4.2 Design Pressure and Temperature
4.2 設(shè)計壓力和溫度…...................................................................................18
4.3 Design Vaccum
4.3 設(shè)計真空度…………………………………………………………… 19
4.4 Materials of Construction
4.4建造材料………………………………………………………………..20
4.5 Vessel Connections
4.5 容器連接………………………………………………………………20
4.6 Previously Constructed Vessels
4.6 先前建造的容器……............................................................................20
5 SITTING REQUIREMENTS AND SPILL CONTAINMENT
5 建造地點定位的要求和溢出保護………...............................................20
5.1 Siting
5.1 建造地點定位…………………….......................................................20
5.2 Drainage
5.2 排水系統(tǒng)……………………………..................................................26
5.3 Spill Containment
5.3溢出保護………………………………..............................................26
5.4 Remote Impoundment
5.4 遙控蓄水…………….........................................................................................27
5.5 Diking
5.5 防火堤……………………….............................................................................28
6 FOUNDATIONS AND SUPPORTS FOR LPG STORAGE VESSELS AND RELATED PIPING
6 LPG貯存容器和相關(guān)管道的基礎(chǔ)和支架………………………………………30
6.1 Applicable Codes and Specifications
6.1 適用的標準和規(guī)范…………………………………………………………….30
6.2 Special Requirements
6.2 具體要求……………………………………………………….........................31
7 TANK ACCERSSORIES, INCLUDING PRESSURE AND VACUUM-
RELIEVING DEVICES
7 儲罐輔助設(shè)備和真空泄放設(shè)備…………………………………………………37
7.1 Mandatory Equipment
7.1 強制性的設(shè)備………………………………………………………………37
7.2 Tank Accessory Materials
7.2 儲罐輔助設(shè)備的材料………………………………………………………43
8 PIPING REQUIREMENTS
8 管道要求………………………………………………………………………..44
8.1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Code for Pressure Piping
8.1 美國機械工程師協(xié)會的壓力管道標準……………………………………44
8.2 LPG Piping
8.2 LPG管道…………………………………………………………………...44
8.3 Fittings
8.3 管件………………………………………………………………………...46
8.4 Plugs
8.4 管塞……………………………………………………………...................47
8.5 Unions
8.5 由壬………...................................................................................................47
8.6 Valves
8.6 閥………………….......................................................................................47
8.7 Location, Installation, and Flexiblity of piping, Valves, and Fittings
8.7 定位、安裝和管道、閥及管件的適應性…………………………………48
9. LOADING, PRODUCT TRANSFER, AND UNIOADING FACILITIES
9 產(chǎn)品的裝載、輸送和卸載裝置………………………………………………..50
9.1 Scope
9.1 范圍………………………………………………………….......................50
9.2 Rates of Loading and Unloading
9.2 裝卸量…………………………………………………..............................50
9.3 Transfer, Loading, and unloading Equipment
9.3 輸送、裝卸設(shè)備………………………………..........................................51
9.4 Grounding and bonding
9.4 接地和接地線………………………………………..................................54
9.5 Hose and Other Flexible Connectors for Product Transfer
9.5 產(chǎn)品輸送軟管和其它撓性接頭………………………………..................55
9.6 Blowdown or Venting of Loading and Unloading Lines
9.6 裝卸管線的放空或通風……………………………………………..........56
9.7 Marking of Valves in Loading and Unloading Systems
9.7 裝卸系統(tǒng)上的閥標記……………………………………………………..56
9.8 Metering Equipment Used in Loading and Unloading
9.8 裝卸系統(tǒng)上所用的計量裝置……………………………………………..57
9.9 LPG Odorization
9.9 LPG添味………………………………....................................................57
10 FIRE PROTEDTION
10 消防………………………………………………………………………….57
10.1 General
10.1 總則…………………….........................................................................57
10.2 Access for Fire Fighting
10.2 消防入口……….....................................................................................58
10.3 Fire Water Use
10.3 消防用水……………………………………………………................58
10.4 Fire Detection Systems
10.4 火災探測系統(tǒng)…………………………………………………………64
10.5 Fire Extinguishers
10.5 滅火器…………………………………………………………………65
10.6 Fire-Fighting Foam
10.6 滅火泡沫……………………………………........................................65
10.7 Fireproofing of LPG Vessels
10.7 LPG容器的耐火材料…………………...............................................65
10.8 Fireproofing of Structural Supports
10.8 支撐結(jié)構(gòu)的耐火材料…………………………...................................66
10.9 Burying and Mounding
10.9 蓋土和土堤…………..........................................................................68
10.10 Electrical Installations and Equipment
10.10 電氣安裝和設(shè)備……………………………………………….......68
10.11 Critical Wiring and Control Systems
10.11 臨界布線和控制系統(tǒng)……………………………………................68
10.12 Safety Precaution Signs
10.12 安全注意標識……………….............................................................69
10.13 Lighting
10.13 照明……............................................................................................69
10.14 Fencing
10.14 圍墻 ………………………………………….................................69
10.15 Roadways
10.15 道路………………...........................................................................69
11 REFRIGERATED STORAGE
11 冷凍貯儲………………………………………………………...............70
11.1 General
11.1 概述……………………………………...........................................70
11.2 Design Requirements
11.2 設(shè)計要求…………………………………………….......................70
11.3 Siting Requirements
11.3 建造地點定位要求…………………………………………………72
11.4 Thermal Considerations
11.4 條件………………………………………………………................75
11.5 Tank Accessories
11.5 儲罐輔助設(shè)備………………………………………........................75
11.6 Piping Requirements
11.6 管道要求……………………............................................................77
11.7 Refrigeration System
11.7 制冷系統(tǒng)……………………………………………………………78
APPENDIX A PIPING, VALVES, FITTING, AND OPTIONA EQUIPMENT
附件 A 管道、閥、管件和任選設(shè)備……………………………………..80
Table
1 Minimum Horizontal Distance Between Shell of Pressurized LPG Tank and Line of Adjoining Property That May Be Developed
表1 壓縮LPG罐體與毗鄰管線之間設(shè)計的最小水平距離。
正文
Design and Construction of LPG Installations
LPG裝置的設(shè)計和建造
1 Scope
1 范圍
This standard covers the design, construction, and location of liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)installations at marine and pipeline terminals, natural gas processing plants, refineries, petrochemical plants, or tank farms. This standard covers storage vessels, loading and unloading system, piping, or and related equipment.
本標準涉及海上終端和管道末站、天然氣處理裝置、煉油廠、石油化工裝置或油罐區(qū)的液化天然氣（LPG）裝置的設(shè)計、建造和選址。
1.1 The size and type of the installation; the related facilities on the site; the commercial, industrial, and residential population density in the surrounding area; the terrain and climate conditions; and the type of LPG handled shall be considered. Generally speaking, the larger the installation and the greater the population density of the surrounding area, the more stringent are the design requirements.
1.1 要考慮到裝置的尺寸和類型；現(xiàn)場的相關(guān)設(shè)施；周圍區(qū)域內(nèi)的商業(yè)、工業(yè)以及居民的密度；地形和氣候條件和LPG的裝卸類型。一般地來說，裝置規(guī)模越大和周圍區(qū)域的居民密度越集中，裝置的設(shè)計要求就越高。
1.2 Design and construction considreations peculiar to refrigerated storage, including autorefrigerated storage, are covered in Section 9 of this standard.
1.2 冷凍貯儲包
。。。。。。
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